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智汇词典a>成语词典九牛一毛九牛一毛的故事
九牛一毛的成语故事

拼音jiǔ niú yī máo
基本解释九:表示多数。许多牛身上的一根毛。比喻极大数量中微不足道的一点。
出处西汉 司马迁《报任少卿书》:“假令仆伏法受诛,若九牛亡一毛,与蝼蚁何以异?”
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九牛一毛的典故
汉武帝(刘彻)听说李陵带着部队深入到匈奴的国境,士气旺盛,心里很高与。这时,许多大臣都凑趣地祝贺皇帝英明,善于用人。后来李陵战败投降,武帝非常生气,原来祝贺的大臣也就反过来责骂李陵无用和不忠。这时司马迁站在旁边一声不响,武帝便问他对此事的意见,司马迁爽直地说李陵只有五千步兵,却被匈奴八万骑兵围住,但还是连打了十几天仗,杀伤了一万多敌人,实算是一位了不起的将军了。最后因粮尽箭完,归路又被截断,才停止战斗,李陵不是真投降,而是在伺机报国。他的功劳还是可以补他的失败之罪的。武帝听他为李陵辩护,又讽刺皇上近亲李广利从正面进攻匈奴的庸儒无功,怒将司马迁下在狱里。次年,又误传李陵为匈奴练兵,武帝不把事情弄清楚,就把李陵的母亲和妻子杀了。廷尉杜周为了迎合皇帝,诬陷司马迁有诬陷皇帝之罪,竟把司马迁施予最残酷、最耻辱的“腐刑”。司马迁受到了这种摧残,痛苦之余,就想自杀;但转念一想,像他这样地位低微的人死去,在许多大富大贵的人的眼中,不过像“九毛亡一毛”,不但得不到同情,且更会惹人耻笑。于是决心忍受耻辱,用自己的生命和时间来艰苦地、顽强地完成伟大的“史记”的写作。古人所谓有大勇的人才有大智,司马迁便是这样的人。他知道在他所处的年代里,死一个像他那样没地位、没名望的人,比死条狗还不如,因此他勇敢地活下去,终于完成了那部空前伟大的历史的著作——“史记”。司马迁把他这种思想转娈的情况告诉也的好友任少卿,后来的人便是根据他信中所说的“九牛亡一毛”一句话,引伸成“九牛一毛”这句成语,用来譬喻某种东西或某种人材仅是极多数里面的一部份,好像九条牛身上的一根毛一样。
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