鹧鸪天·东阳道中
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宋代]：辛弃疾
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扑面征尘去路遥，香篝渐觉水沉销。山无重数周遭碧，花不知名分外娇。
人历历，马萧萧，旌旗又过小红桥。愁边剩有相思句，摇断吟鞭碧玉梢。
鹧鸪天·东阳道中译文及注释
译文
香笼里燃烧的水沉香的气息越来越淡薄了。举目远望，征尘扑面，去路迢迢。周围是数不清的层层山峦，全被碧绿的树木和野草覆盖着，路旁山野中长满了各种各样不知名的花儿，一朵朵的格外娇艳动人。
行进在道路上的一行人历历在目，骏马萧萧嘶鸣，威武雄壮的仪仗队已经过了前面的小红桥。满怀的离愁别恨，此时此刻都化做相思的诗句，于青山绿水之间，一边吟诗，一边催马加鞭地向东阳进发，差点儿没把马鞭的碧玉梢头摇断。
注释
东阳：即今浙江东阳县。考察作者早年宦游踪迹，无确切记载来过此地，本事不可考。也可能是代人之作。
征尘：征途上扬起的尘土。
香篝：一种燃香料的笼子。
水沉：即沉香，一种名贵香料。
销：消退
周遭：周围。
历历：形容物体或景象一个个清晰分明。
萧萧：马长声鸣叫。
愁边：苦苦思索。
剩有：尽有。
碧玉梢：指马鞭用碧玉宝石饰成，比喻马鞭的华贵。
参考资料：
1、陈亨读．《传统诗词写作法》．北京：中国工人出版社，2007：162
2、张力生．《中国军旅诗词》．郑州：大象出版社，2007：125
3、谢真元，许渊冲，许明．《一生必读宋词三百首鉴赏 英汉对照 an annotated edition with commentaries Chinese-English》．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2007：63
4、邓红梅．《壮岁旌旗拥万夫》．郑州：河南文艺出版社，2003：364
5、朱典淼，王东．《中国古代旅游诗选读》．北京：旅游教育出版社，2004：200
6、青于蓝考试研究室．《高考语文核按钮·考点突破》．武汉：武汉出版社，2013：105
7、徐北文．《辛弃疾词选》．济南：济南出版社，2009：40
8、王力．《古汉语常用字字典（第9版）》．北京：商务印书馆，2005
鹧鸪天·东阳道中创作背景
据词题来看，该词是作者在任京都临安大理少卿时期，于淳熙五年（1178）因事赴东阳途中所作的。从作品的内容和情调来看，洋溢着喜悦欢畅的情绪，这在辛词中是不多见的。由此看来，此词是写景抒情之作，富有诗情画意，五彩缤纷。
参考资料：
1、林力．《宋词鉴赏大典》．北京：长征出版社，1999：1123
鹧鸪天·东阳道中鉴赏
上阕写景，描绘出一幅有树有花，色彩鲜明的山野行军图。“扑面征尘去路遥，香篝渐觉水沉销”，开篇交代作者已经离开临安向东阳出发。“扑面征尘”描写环境的恶劣，气候干燥，而且路途遥遥。“香篝”是古代的熏笼，“水沉”即沉香。笼里的香料已快烧完，暗指已经行路很久，也说明路途之遥远。同时，“香篝”一句，即“渐觉香篝水沉销”的倒装。这样的表达，显示出他对于外出行役的不适应感受。接韵目光由自我注意转而向外凝视。在无意识的观望中。那隔断自己望眼的重重叠叠的青山和不知名的娇艳山花，都变得愈加触目。心中难以诉说的惆怅，从对于风景的无意识凝视中曲曲透出。上片不直写离情而离情浓郁可掬。
接下来的两句，词人描写周遭的景象。“山无重数周遭碧”是仿刘禹锡的“山围故国周遭在”所作。身边的山脉层层叠叠地排列。路旁的花儿虽然不是什么高贵的名花，而只是一些山间野花，但是却盛放得分外妖娆。一个“碧”字，说明此时行军人是置身于绿色的海洋里，而山野中那些不知名的花儿格外娇艳绚丽。充满生机的大自然使人耳目一新，精神为之一振。词人置身野外，感受大自然的鬼斧神工，心情一片大好。
下阕描写生活画面。“人历历，马萧萧，旌旗又过小红桥”，行人历历在目，这里的人指穿着戎装的战士们，因为衣着威风，气势雄伟，所以容易辨别出来。士兵们伴随着一声声骏马的啼叫声前进着，飘扬的红旗已经越过小红桥。这三句写的是队列前进的情景。不难想见，此时作者是骑马走在队列的后面，所以才能清楚地看到行军的战士和队首“旌旗”的方位。与和杜甫的“车辚辚，马萧萧，行人弓箭各在腰”很像，不过两者表达的感情则是大不相同。辛弃疾的词表达他们一路前行的欣喜感，既有对沿途风景的欣赏，也有对目的地的畅想，而杜甫的诗则是描绘家人送入伍战士的场景，显得很凄凉。
“愁边剩有相思旬，摇断吟鞭碧玉梢”，在此之前，整首词一直呈现的是一种欢快的情调，可以感觉出作者很喜欢这次旅程。虽然辛弃疾无时无刻不在忧国忧民，但写此词时，正是辛弃疾“春风得意”的时候，有机会为国效命，他的心情是轻松愉快的，因此这个“愁”字应理解为他寻觅“相思句”构思过程中苦恼的“愁”。正因为这样，他只顾聚精会神地思索，不知不觉中才“摇断”了马鞭的“碧玉梢”，这抑或是用力过猛，抑或是打在什么东西上，写得极传神，极形象。正因为词人认真思考，所以才一味地摇着鞭子前行，以致“摇断吟鞭碧玉梢”，这一句也形象表达出词人此刻轻松愉悦的心情。
全篇风格委婉，和作者一贯的风格有所不同，但描写的景物却是相当地清新自然，生机盎然。碧绿的青山，盛放的野花，呈现出一派生机勃勃的景象。
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王维《
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沉醉东风·渔夫》
辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾（1140－1207），南宋词人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，别号稼轩，汉族，历城（今山东济南）人。出生时，中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军，不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》，条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情，倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤，对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责；也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词，风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合，后被弹劾落职，退隐江西带湖。
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偏安常是误南金。士道薄梁陈。词旨江令浮艳，文章庾信哀深。
海门望极，滔滔逝水，波咽初心。江上数峰笼晚，六朝恨绝遗音。
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莫子宪中奉挽歌词三首 其二
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宋代：
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葛胜仲
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材资合黄阁，器业偃朱轓。教府依模范，枢庭验讨论。
成梁繄杜预，障水幸王尊。二纪朋僚旧，追怀恸寝门。
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对菊 其四
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明代：
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陈献章
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秋英如雪照江滨，扳折须防小侍巾。曲槛两头门尽掩，先生元是惜花人。