如梦令·水垢何曾相受
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宋代]：苏轼
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水垢何曾相受。细看两俱无有。寄语揩背人，尽日劳君挥肘。轻手，轻手，居士本来无垢。
如梦令·水垢何曾相受译文及注释
译文
水和污垢什么时候在一起共存过。仔细看来两个都有又好像两个都没有。我对擦背的人说，今日劳烦你要一直搓背了。只希望能轻点再轻点，我的身上本来也没有什么污垢。
注释
揩背：揩擦背部。
尽日：犹终日，整天。
如梦令·水垢何曾相受创作背景
这首词写于元丰七年（1084）十二月十八日苏轼调任汝州的途中，时苏轼在泗州（今江苏省盱眙县境内）。苏轼当年49岁，这一年是他的人生走向高峰的转折年。作者在调任途中，当时应该是已意识到自己将被神宗皇帝重新起用了。
参考资料：
1、刘石 评注．苏轼词选．北京：人民文学出版社，2015：204-206
2、第二十届苏轼国际学术研讨会论文集[C].2016:224
如梦令·水垢何曾相受鉴赏
此词小序有两层意思：一是写这首词的起因，二是对于词牌“如梦令”来历的介绍。词的正文反映的是：申辩、不满和请求。
此词字面上可以概括出如下几个方面：一，作者强调自身是洁净的，没有污垢；二，自身洁净的人还是被人动手除垢；三，擦背去垢的人，出手太重；四，表达不满和请求：对身体洁净的人不该出此重手。
事实上，苏轼是一个爱干净的人，喜欢经常洗浴，而这经常洗浴就不只是为了除垢了，而是为了健康身体和愉悦心情，这成了他的一种生活方式。而这次在泗州的公共浴池里遇到了一个擦背特别用力的人，把他的身体弄痛了，他就戏言地表达了不满，而且还讲了理由。这样的生活趣事，作者随后开玩笑似地写成了词。在深层表达上，这样写的结果，超出了这件事情的本来意思，丰富了内涵，隐含了自己受到了严重的不公平待遇。对于一个蒙冤受贬、被当事者欲置之死地，而皇帝让调离这个贬地的文人来说，一个“又以事不便民者不敢言、以诗托讽，庶有补于国”的人，一个正在被皇帝起用的过渡期的人，显然不仅仅是写这次洗浴。此词明显有这样的意思：不该对身体洁净的人重手去垢，是没有必要的、可笑的。这自然引人联想到苏轼蒙冤贬往黄州的情景、联想到古今社会上的人生。这些都不只是一次洗浴、一次简单的戏作所能解释得了的。而这些，也是词人“戏作”的丰富内涵中的重要一面。
此词关键在于“无垢”二字，是佛家常用术语，比喻一切本来清净。一般以词说法，了无余蕴。而此词虽意出禅偈，形象不优美，亦无甚诗意，却自有其思想价值和意义。
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韩愈《
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方苞《
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狱中杂记》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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