菩萨蛮·春风试手先梅蕊
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]：赵令畤
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春风试手先梅蕊，頩姿冷艳明沙水。不受众芳知，端须月与期。
清香闲自远，先向钗头见。雪后燕瑶池，人间第一枝。
菩萨蛮·春风试手先梅蕊译文及注释
译文
春风最先试着让梅花吐出嫩嫩的花蕊。花瓶中的梅花姿色美丽，冷韵幽香，伴随着它的是明沙净水。它不卑不亢，从容自如，不能被其他花儿理解，应当与月亮约定日期来作伴。
它的香气清幽淡雅，传得很远，总是先在女子们的钗头上出现。大雪过后。梅花被王母宴请到瑶池，这是人世间报春的第一枝花。
注释
试手：尝试身手。
頩（pīng）姿：美丽的姿色。頩，面目光泽艳美。
明沙水：明净的沙水。
端须：只该。
期：约定之时。
钗（chāi）头：妇女的头饰，多为金玉器。
燕：通“宴”，宴会。这里指举办宴会。
瑶池：神话传说中西王母居住的仙境，有玉楼十二层。
参考资料：
1、萧枫．《唐诗宋词全集·第八卷》．北京：中国文史出版社，2001：480
2、王炜．《宋词·上卷》．沈阳：沈阳出版社，2001：194
3、王静．《宋词》．南京：凤凰出版社，2008：73
4、陶尔夫．《宋词今译》．北京：语文出版社，1995：164
5、关永礼，何松子．《白话宋词精华》．哈尔滨：哈尔滨出版社，2006：117
6、姜斌．《月笼轻雾》．上海：上海书店出版社，2002：53
7、快乐考生编辑部．《高考倒计时讲练测·语文》．北京：首都师范大学出版社，2010：165
8、《新编古汉语常用字字典》编委会．《新编古汉语常用字字典》．长春：吉林出版集团有限责任公司，2011
菩萨蛮·春风试手先梅蕊创作背景
宋朝是中国历史上植梅的繁盛时期，咏梅的作品也很多。赵令畴的这首《菩萨蛮》同样是借梅花以寓性情，寄托深远，非徒然咏梅。词人性情中的那份孤傲与傲雪的梅花极为相近，于是便借梅花表达自己的心境。
参考资料：
1、程艳杰，靳艳萍．《宋词三百首：精读·故事（上）》．长春：吉林人民出版社，2004：324
菩萨蛮·春风试手先梅蕊鉴赏
词的起句奇绝。春风吹绽百花，这是很普通的比喻修辞，把春风之吹拂说成春风之手的抚摸，这也是很常见的拟人修辞，但是此词作者把这两者融合，再加入了他独有的体会之后，一句“春风试手先梅蕊”就显得异常新颖了。“试手”二字仿佛是说春风吹绽百花的这门“技艺”需要先操练一下，而操练的结果则是使梅花先于百花开出了花蕊。冬去春来，春风自然要启开冰封的万物，但它却独钟情于梅花，暗含着对梅花的赞颂。“頩姿冷艳明沙水”一句以外在写内质。“颍姿”是写梅花美丽的姿容，“冷艳”写花色，这都是暗指它清高幽独的气质。“明沙水”是它生长的环境，这冰清玉洁、一尘不染的环境，正是为了凸显梅花的高洁。
三、四句以梅花与百花对比。陆游《卜算子·咏梅》曾写梅花“无意苦争春，一任群芳妒”，梅花主动地不与百花争艳却遭来百花的妒忌，把梅花写得极为美丽又清高孤绝。而此词的作者却说“不受众芳知”，梅花孤高的气势削减了，仿佛还有了一丝落魄的哀伤。然而这只是铺垫，是作者刻意地压抑感情，接着”端须”一句就开始高扬——梅花之清高孤绝唯有月亮能与之相配。这感情和气势已丝毫不让陆游之词。这种先抑后扬的写法，使全词结构显得很精致。
下阕开始写梅花与人的互动。“清香闲自远”句写梅花的幽香，已暗含着闻到花香的人。正因为花香清雅而幽远，因此女子纷纷把梅花装饰在头发上，一个“先”字再次强调了它与“众芳”的区别。“雪后燕瑶池”一句想象瑰丽，瑶池已自高远华美，更加“雪后”修饰，一种幽冷清空的气氛更加强烈。而梅花因其高洁的品格和气质，被邀请到这样的地方赴宴，又荣列人间众芳之首，这是何等的荣耀。这一想象的目的还是从另一个角度赞美梅花与众不同的气质和“仙姿”。
整首词始终围绕梅花来写。无论是比喻、拟人还是想象，目的都是为了赞誉梅花的各种品格。赵令畴因与苏轼交好而入党籍，一生仕途坎坷，此词虽表面上只是写梅花的品格．但未尝不是以梅花自喻，寄托作者深沉的感情。
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赵令畤简介
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