小桃红·一城秋雨豆花凉
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元代]：张可久
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一城秋雨豆花凉，闲倚平山望。不似年时鉴湖上，锦云香，采莲人语荷花荡。西风雁行，清溪渔唱，吹恨入沧浪。
小桃红·一城秋雨豆花凉译文及注释
译文
满城萧萧的秋雨一朵朵豆花瑟瑟清凉，闲倚平山堂上把远山眺望，眼前景象已不像当年鉴湖风光，那时候荷花鲜艳如云锦，香飘云空，采莲姑娘欢歌笑语荡漾在荷塘。看眼前，阵阵西风大雁南飞，清溪上渔歌传唱，恨不得早日荡游沧浪。
注释
小桃红：越调曲牌名，多用来抒情写意。句式为七、五、七、三、七、四、四、五，共八句。
鉴湖：即镜湖，在今浙江绍兴西南。
秋雨豆花凉：指豆花雨，俗以农历八月雨为豆花雨。
平山：平山堂，在今江苏扬州西北瘦西湖北蜀冈上。
年时：从前。
锦云：如锦的彩云，比喻缤纷的荷花。
吹：传。
恨：遗憾。
沧浪：此谓深绿色的湖水。
参考资料：
1、李伯钦．崇贤书院释译·图解元曲三百首．安徽：黄山书社，2016：120
小桃红·一城秋雨豆花凉创作背景
此曲当写于张可久南北飘流之时。秋凉时节，作者登高南望，不由想起古越旧时的亲朋好友，遥寄思念之情，故作此曲。
参考资料：
1、贺新辉．元曲鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1990：870
小桃红·一城秋雨豆花凉鉴赏
前二句点明此曲创作时令、地点。豆荚本已藤萎叶枯，委地零落，幸得秋时之雨滋润，故得重绽新花。“一城秋雨豆花凉，闲倚平山望闲。”两句写景，苍茫寥廓而凄凉，“平山”两字确定写作的地点是扬州，时间是秋末豆子开花的季节，而满天秋雨增加了迷茫的色彩。一个“闲”字，写出了当时之倚态，“望”字点出诗人之身在高处。诗人的心境在一倚一望当中自然流露了出来。读者可以想象得到作者凭依在平山堂的栏杆上那满面愁苦惶惑的表情。
三、四、五句，从写眼前之景转到对已逝岁月的回忆。“不似年时鉴湖上，锦云香，采莲人晤荷花荡。”镜头一转，作者的思绪飘回到遥远的当年和遥远的绍兴鉴湖。时空转换到那段快乐的生活情境上。湖面上有花团锦簇、翠叶送爽、红花飘香，仙境一般的画面。几位年轻好友指点江山的情景和当下独自凭倚栏杆面对潇潇秋雨的情景形成鲜明的对比，在这对比中抒发作者对友人的思念。
后三句作者由回忆昔时友人的欢聚情景回到现实，抒发苦闷心情。“西风雁行，清溪渔唱”是作者所见所闻的实景。远处一行大雁在秋风中艰难飞行，也象征作者到处漂泊的人生状况。“清溪”是作者面对的河流，那里传来渔父的歌声更加重了他的孤独寂寞之感。他的无限感慨好像被这西风中的歌声吹进了沧浪水中一般。“吹恨”是典故满用，是要把自己的幽怨愤懑之情随着秋风而完全抛弃，完全吹入到那沧浪的清水中。作者写渔父短歌，表达出一种寄身山水，浪迹江湖，与世无争的人生态度，抒写的也是一种归隐退逸的情怀。这三句诗感物思人、伤怀，寄寓十分深厚。
全篇所表现的内容已经超出了怀远寄友的范围，曲折地表现了元代统治下知识分子普遍的坎坷人生和备受压抑的内心世界，具有深广的内容。小令在艺术上也很有特点，开头和结尾是现境，中间是对往事的回忆，时空有两次大的转换，从现实到过去再回到现实，由眼下的扬州到遥远的绍兴再回到眼前，这种由此及彼，再由彼及此的时空转换扩展了时空和表达情感的丰富性。
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鼓笛慢·乱花丛里曾携手》
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苏轼《
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和子由踏青》
张可久简介
唐代·张可久的简介
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张可久（约1270～1348以后）字小山（一说名伯远，字可久，号小山）（《尧山堂外纪》）；一说名张可久肖像（林晋生作）可久，字伯远，号小山（《词综》）；又一说字仲远，号小山（《四库全书总目提要》），庆元（治所在今浙江宁波鄞县）人，元朝重要散曲家，剧作家，与乔吉并称“双壁”，与张养浩合为“二张”。
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