渔父
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唐代]：张志和
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八月九月芦花飞，南谿老人重钓归。
秋山入帘翠滴滴，野艇倚槛云依依。
却把渔竿寻小径，闲梳鹤发对斜晖。
翻嫌四皓曾多事，出为储皇定是非。
渔父译文及注释
译文
八九月芦花满天飞，南溪老人垂钓回来。
秋天的山从隐约映入眼帘，野艇靠着栏杆隐约可见。
拿着鱼竿寻找着小路，对着斜阳梳着白发。
反而是商山四皓多管闲事，为皇太子定夺是非正误。
注释
谿（ xī ）：同“溪”。重（zhòng）钓：深水中钓鱼。
槛：轩廊临水的栏干。依依，隐约貌。
鹤发：鹤的羽毛白色，喻老人白发。斜晖（huī）：同“斜辉”，指傍晚西斜的阳光。
翻：反而。四皓：秦末东园公、甪里先生、绮里季、夏黄公，隐于商山，年皆八十余，时称“商山四皓”。传说汉高祖敦聘不至，吕氏用张良策，令太子卑词安车，捐此四人与游，因而使高祖认为太子羽翼已成，清除了改立太子的意图。
储皇：即储君皇太子。《晋书·成都王颖传》：“皇太子，国之储君。”
参考资料：
1、蒋郭雄，舒萱．历代垂钓诗选 附特效钓饵50例：岳麓书社，1992.08：第14页
渔父创作背景
张志和是中唐诗人，安史之乱后隐居山林，经常泛舟垂钓，不再理会政事。这首《渔父》就是写他隐逸生活的代表作。
参考资料：
1、刘凤珍．中国最美古典诗词 田园卷：中国华侨出版社，2013.10：第126页
渔父鉴赏
诗篇在两岸漫天飞舞的芦花中缓缓拉开帷幕，渲染出一派宁静优美安详的环境氛围。
“八月九月芦花飞，南谿老人重钓归”，秋高气爽，扁舟垂纶的的老渔父伴着夕阳的余晖划舟而归，晚风悠悠，芦花飘飘，溪水清清，波光粼粼。
“秋山入帘翠滴滴，野艇倚槛云依依”，临岸系舟，举目远望，翠色怡人，满山的青草绿树像洗染过一样，散发着浓浓的绿意。白云翩翩然点染在秋日的蓝天上，映照着横在水面上的野艇，更增加了几分“行到水穷处，坐看云起时”的自然情趣，那是一种委运任化，悠然自得的生命意识。诗人取景不惑，行云流水般的语言描绘出一幅秋溪摆钓图，字里行间飘荡着一种轻灵的气息。作者采用由远至近的审美视角，秋山、野艇的仰视之间流淌着“脆滴滴”“云依依”的生命色彩，充彻着一种虚静的宇宙意识。
“却把渔竿寻小径，闲梳鹤发对斜晖”，景物的转换深处是归家路途的缓缓延伸，弯弯曲曲的小径，踏着秋日的余晖，手把钓竿的老渔父正在悠闲地拢梳着那满头稀疏的白发，路在脚下徐徐延伸。老人脸上微微的笑意，那是洗尽尘滓，超然世外的满足感，诗人运用绘画的艺术手法，描绘出包孕性的瞬间。“闲梳鹤发对斜晖”，完美地传递出老渔父自在悠闲的心理状态。“小径”颇有象征意味，不妨看作是一条自然出世的桃源路。
前六句诗，闲静清美，全然洗净人间铅华。此景此情，诗人禁不住深深感慨：诗人认为四皓未绝尘俗，舍却隐居生活的安逸，卷入宫廷废立的纷争，不免多管闲事。此处议论，运用典故，顺景延情，文理自然，意到笔随，并将作者的人生观鲜明的表达出来。李德裕称张志和“隐而名彰，显而无事，不穷不达，其严光之比”（《玄真子渔歌记》）。
《渔父》的尾联正是他人生观最恰当的注解。“古来闲着，多隐于渔”（刘克庄《木兰花慢·渔夫词》），张志和从个体生命的体验出发，塑造了林泉高致的“渔父”形象，并运用富有感受力的艺术心灵捕捉贴切的审美意识：芦花、秋山、白云、野艇、斜晖……无不流淌着诗人对高蹈超逸的隐居生活的热爱之情。理想化，审美化的隐逸生活暗含着一种对自我人生价值的潜在肯定，以及对时代隐隐的不满、失望之情。孔子曰：“道不行，乘桴浮于海。”落寞的中唐时代赋予了性好道学的张志和更多出世的生命情怀，促使他吟唱出了一曲曲美丽的“渔夫”之歌。
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李觏《
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忆钱塘江》
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李郢《
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南池》
张志和简介
唐代·张志和的简介
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张志和（730年(庚午年)～810年？），字子同，初名龟龄，汉族，婺州（今浙江金华）人，自号“烟波钓徒”，又号“玄真子”。唐代著名道士、词人和诗人。十六岁参加科举，以明经擢第，授左金吾卫录事参军，唐肃宗赐名为“志和”。因事获罪贬南浦尉，不久赦还。自此看破红尘，浪迹江湖，隐居祁门赤山镇。其兄张鹤龄担心他遁世不归，在越州（今绍兴市）城东筑茅屋让他居住。史载唐肃宗曾赐他奴婢各一人，张志和让他们结婚，取名渔童和樵青。著有《玄真子》集。
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元代：
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偶成
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酿蜜山蜂初割户，衔泥梁燕已成家。
春愁漠漠连芳草，閒过东园数落花。